The first inhabitants of Cyprus were believed to be Mycenaean Greeks and Achaeans who arrived on the island in the 2nd millennium BC.
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Cyprus, located in the eastern Mediterranean, has a rich history dating back to the Neolithic era. According to archaeological findings, the first inhabitants of the island were Mycenaean Greeks and Achaeans who arrived on the island in the 2nd millennium BC. These ancient Greeks established settlements and brought with them their culture and language.
In addition, the island was also colonized by various empires throughout its history, including the Phoenicians, Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, and Romans. However, the island was most famously ruled by the Venetians and Ottomans, as well as the British during the colonial era.
Some interesting facts about Cyprus include:
- The island is known for its production of copper and was named after the metal (Kypros in Greek means copper)
- Aphrodite, the Greek goddess of love and beauty, was said to have been born in Cyprus and she is often associated with the island
- The island is divided into two parts, the Greek Cypriot-controlled Republic of Cyprus and the Turkish Cypriot-controlled Northern Cyprus, which is recognized only by Turkey
A quote from the ancient Greek historian Herodotus about Cyprus: “The Cypriots are a people of mixed race, having come originally from different parts of the world.”
Here is a table summarizing some of the key historical events in Cyprus:
| Year | Event |
|---|---|
| 2nd millennium BC | Mycenaean Greeks and Achaeans arrive on the island |
| 4th century BC | Cyprus conquered by Alexander the Great |
| 58-55 BC | Cyprus becomes a Roman province |
| 1191-1489 | Cyprus is ruled by the Venetians |
| 1571-1878 | Cyprus is ruled by the Ottoman Empire |
| 1914-1960 | Cyprus is a British crown colony |
| 1960 | Cyprus gains independence from Britain |
| 1974 | Cyprus is divided into two parts following a coup and Turkish invasion |
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Mycenaean GreeksThe earliest known human activity on the island dates to around the 10th millennium BC. Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two distinct waves in the 2nd millennium BC. These waves of Greek settlement left a lasting impact on the island’s culture, language, and architecture.
The first inhabitants of Cyprus were hunter-gatherers who arrived on the island around 10,000 BC. They were followed by Mycenaean Greeks who settled in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. The Greeks were later joined by Phoenicians who lived alongside them. Cyprus was a strategic location in the Middle East and was conquered by various empires, such as the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, until it was taken by Alexander the Great in 333 BC.
The earliest confirmed site of human activity on Cyprus is Aetokremnos, situated on the south coast, indicating that hunter-gatherers were active on the island from around 10,000 BC, with settled village communities dating from 8200 BC.
Cyprus was settled by Mycenaean Greeks in two waves in the 2nd millennium BC. As a strategic location in the Middle East, it was subsequently occupied by several major powers, including the empires of the Assyrians, Egyptians and Persians, from whom the island was seized in 333 BC by Alexander the Great.
Who were the original inhabitants of Cyprus? Ancient Greeks (primarily Achaeans) started settling Cyprus during the Late Bronze Age. The Phoenicians were known to have lived alongside the Greeks who with time had become Hellenized.
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Who are the original inhabitants of Cyprus?
Ethnic groups and languages
The Greek Cypriots, who constitute nearly four-fifths of the population, descended from a mixture of aboriginal inhabitants and immigrants from the Peloponnese who colonized Cyprus starting about 1200 bce and assimilated subsequent settlers up to the 16th century.
Was Cyprus Greek or Turkish first?
The reply will be: Cyprus has seen a succession of rulers, namely Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Romans, Arabs, Crusaders and Turks who ruled the Island as part of the Ottoman Empire, from 1571 until 1878. Cyprus has never been a Greek Island.
Who colonized Cyprus first?
Throughout its long history and due to its strategically important location, Cyprus had been conquered by the major colonial powers of the Eastern Mediterranean. However, from the 12th century BC, when the first Greeks colonized the island and through the centuries, the island’s Greek character has always prevailed.
Who was in Cyprus before Greeks?
The reply will be: Phoenicians. Literary evidence suggests an early Phoenician presence at Kition which was under Tyrian rule at the beginning of the 10th century BC. Some Phoenician merchants who were believed to come from Tyre colonized the area and expanded the political influence of Kition.
What is the ancient history of Cyprus?
The response is: The ancient history of Cyprus shows a precocious sophistication in the Neolithic era visible in settlements such as at Choirokoitia dating from the 9th millennium BC, and at Kalavassos from about 7500 BC. Periods of Cyprus’s ancient history from 1050 BC have been named according to styles of pottery as follows:
Who wrote the chronological history of Cyprus?
(June 2020) The Chronological History of the island of Cyprus, later described as "the only scholarly monograph of modern Greek literature since the fall of Constantinople ", is published by Kyprianos Kouriokourineos, one of the most prominent Greek-Cypriot intellectuals and clerics of the 18th century.
When did Achaeans colonize Cyprus?
As a response to this: Achaeans were colonizing Cyprus from 1210 to 1000 BC. Dorian Greeks arrived around 1100 BC and, unlike the pattern on the Greek mainland, the evidence suggests that they settled on Cyprus peacefully.
How many Greeks live in Cyprus?
As a response to this: According to this census, the Greek Cypriot population was 482,000. One year later, in 1974, the Cypriot government’s Department of Statistics and Research estimated the total population of Cyprus at 641,000; of whom 506,000 (78.9%) were Greeks, and 118,000 (18.4%) Turkish.
What is the ancient history of Cyprus?
The ancient history of Cyprus shows a precocious sophistication in the Neolithic era visible in settlements such as at Choirokoitia dating from the 9th millennium BC, and at Kalavassos from about 7500 BC. Periods of Cyprus’s ancient history from 1050 BC have been named according to styles of pottery as follows:
Who wrote the chronological history of Cyprus?
(June 2020) The Chronological History of the island of Cyprus, later described as "the only scholarly monograph of modern Greek literature since the fall of Constantinople ", is published by Kyprianos Kouriokourineos, one of the most prominent Greek-Cypriot intellectuals and clerics of the 18th century.
When did Achaeans colonize Cyprus?
Answer to this: Achaeans were colonizing Cyprus from 1210 to 1000 BC. Dorian Greeks arrived around 1100 BC and, unlike the pattern on the Greek mainland, the evidence suggests that they settled on Cyprus peacefully.
When did Cyprus become a British colony?
1914 – Cyprus annexed by Britain after more than 300 years of Ottoman rule. Britain had occupied the island in 1878, although it remained nominally under Ottoman sovereignty. 1925 – Becomes British colony. 1955 – Greek Cypriots begin guerrilla war against British rule in pursuit of unification with Greece.